Community members watch as South African Police Minister Senzo Mchunu inspects the area outside a mine shaft in Stilfontein on November 15, 2024.
The mine, 140 kilometers southwest of Johannesburg, has been the site of a standoff between authorities and miners, many of whom have been underground for weeks.
Over 1,170 miners have surfaced, but estimates suggest up to 4,000 could still be trapped.
The miners, armed and fearing arrest, have refused to come out, while authorities attempt to force them by restricting food and water.
This has sparked criticism from human rights groups, who argue that blocking vital supplies is a violation of their rights.
The crisis has reignited debates over illegal mining in South Africa, with critics accusing the government of failing to address its root causes, such as poverty and unemployment.
The Benchmarks Foundation condemned the government's actions, calling the deprivation of food and medicine a breach of miners' right to life.
Illegal mining remains a significant issue in South Africa, with thousands of individuals risking their lives in abandoned shafts.
As the operation continues, the government faces increasing pressure to find a long-term solution that addresses both the law enforcement and socio-economic challenges fueling the crisis.
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